安装

下载并安装MinGW-w64

推荐使用离线方式安装，因网络原因，在线安装大概率失败。
- 在线安装包
  
  进入MinGW-w64页面下载并安装MinGW-w64。
- 离线压缩包
  
  若在线安装因为网络原因失败，可下载压缩包。往下稍微翻一下，选最新版本中的x86_64-posix-seh。下载完成后解压到合适的位置，如C:\Program Files\mingw64，然后手动添加环境变量：
下载插件：C/C++ 插件

创建配置文件

在项目工程目录下创建.vscode文件，分别创建三个文件：

c_cpp_properties.json，将文件中的目录替换成你的MinGW安装目录：

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceRoot}",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/tr1",
                "C:/Program Files/mingw64/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "__GNUC__=6",
                "__cdecl=__attribute__((__cdecl__))"
            ],
            "intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64",
            "browse": {
                "path": [
                    "${workspaceRoot}",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/tr1",
                    "C:/Program Files/mingw64/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
                ],
                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
                "databaseFilename": ""
            },
            "compilerPath": "C:/Program Files (x86)/mingw64/bin/gcc.exe",
            "cStandard": "c11",
            "cppStandard": "c++17"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

launch.json，将miDebuggerPath替换成你的MinGW安装目录：

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "C++ Launch (GDB)",                
            "type": "cppdbg",                         
            "request": "launch",                        
            "targetArchitecture": "x86",                
            "program": "${workspaceRoot}\\${fileBasename}.exe",                 
            "miDebuggerPath":"C:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/gdb.exe", 
            "args": [],     
            "stopAtEntry": false,                  
            "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",                  
            "externalConsole": true,                  
            "preLaunchTask": "g++"　　                  
            }
    ]
 }

tasks.json：

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "command": "g++",
    "args": ["-g","-std=c++11","${file}","-o","${workspaceRoot}\\${fileBasename}.exe"],
    "problemMatcher": {
        "owner": "cpp",
        "fileLocation": ["relative", "${workspaceRoot}"],
        "pattern": {
            "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
            "file": 1,
            "line": 2,
            "column": 3,
            "severity": 4,
            "message": 5
        }
    }
}

使用

按F5或左侧工具栏第四个Debug按钮中的绿色运行按钮即可运行，若有断点则为debug。

（可选）安装 Code Runner插件

Code Runner 可以免除以上三个配置文件的创建，能很方便地运行代码，但是无法调试。如果无需调试，可以选择安装此插件：

1582035983293

按ctrl+,进入设置界面，点击右上角切换到Config文件，添加以下内容：

1582035717006

/* Code Runner Config*/
"code-runner.clearPreviousOutput": true,    // 运行时清除输出
"code-runner.saveAllFilesBeforeRun": true,  // 运行前保存所有文件
"code-runner.runInTerminal": true,          // 在terminal中运行，从而可以输入，且不会乱码